1. Primary Function:

Intermediate pipe anchors must withstand forces and moments from connected pipe sections, including:

Forces/moments required to fully deflect bellows joint

Frictional forces from pipe alignment guides, directional anchors, and supports.

2. Excluded Loads

Not designed to resist pressure thrust (this is handled by other anchors, bellows joint hardware like tie rods, hinges, gimbals, or balanced forces in double bellows joint).

3. Additional Design Factors

Some applications may require accounting for:

Weight of pipes, fittings, insulation, and fluid

External loads (e.g., wind forces, bending moments)